Surviving schizophrenia: a family manual

Photographs and Illustrations

Preface to the Sixth Edition

Acknowledgments

1. The Inner World of Madness: View from the Inside

Alterations of the Senses

Inability to Interpret and Respond

Delusions and Hallucinations

Altered Sense of Self

Changes in Emotions

Changes in Movements

Changes in Behavior

Decreased Awareness of Illness: Anosognosia

The Black-Red Disease

Recommended Further Reading

2. Defining Schizophrenia: View from the Outside

Official Criteria for Diagnosis

Subtypes of Schizophrenia

The Schizophrenia Spectrum: Do We All Have a Little?

Schizoaffective Disorder and Manic-Depressive Illness

Recommended Further Reading

3. Conditions Sometimes Confused with Schizophrenia

A "Split Personality"

Psychosis Caused by Street Drugs: Can Marijuana Use Cause Schizophrenia?

Psychosis Caused by Prescription Drugs

Psychosis Caused by Other Diseases

Psychosis Caused by Head Trauma

Psychosis with Mental Retardation

Infantile Autism

Antisocial Personality Disorders and Sexual Predators

Culturally Sanctioned Psychotic Behavior

Recommended Further Reading

4. Onset, Course, and Prognosis

Childhood Precursors

Onset and Early Symptoms

Childhood Schizophrenia

Postpartum Schizophrenia

Late-Onset Schizophrenia

Predictors of Outcome

Male-Female Differences

Possible Courses: Ten Years Later

Possible Courses: Thirty Years Later

Do People with Schizophrenia in Developing Countries Really Have a Better Outcome?

Causes of Death: Why Do People with Schizophrenia Die at a Younger Age?

Recommended Further Reading

5. Research Findings on the Causes of Schizophrenia

The Normal Brain

What Are the Known Facts?

It is a familial disease

There are predisposing genes

There are neurochemical changes

There are structural and neuropathological changes

There are neuropsychological deficits

There are neurological abnormalities

There are electrical abnormalities

There are immunological and inflammatory abnormalities

Individuals with schizophrenia have increased antibodies to some infectious agents

Other known risk factors for developing schizophrenia

What Parts of the B rain Are Affected?

When Does the Brain Damage Begin?

Recommended Further Reading

6. Theories About the Causes of Schizophrenia

Genetic Theories

Neurochemical Theories

Developmental Theories

Infectious and Immune Theories

Nutritional Theories

Endocrine Theories

Stress Theories

Obsolete Theories

Recommended Further Reading

7. The Treatment of Schizophrenia: Getting Started

How to Find a Good Doctor

What Is an Adequate Diagnostic Workup?

Hospitalization: Voluntary and Involuntary

Alternatives to Hospitalization

Payment for Treatment, Insurance Parity, and Health Care Reform

Outpatient Treatment, Managed Care, and Continuity of Caregiver

Services for Children

Services in Rural Areas

Recommended Further Reading

8. The Treatment of Schizophrenia

Do Antipsychotics Work?

How Do They Work?

Whose Information Can You Trust?

Which Drug Should You Try?

The Newest Drugs and Those in the Pipeline

Clozapine: The Most Effective Antipsychotic

What to Try When All Else Fails

Oral, Intramuscular, Dose, and Duration

Drug Costs and the Use of Generics

Criticism of Antipsychotics

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)

Herbal Treatments

Psychotherapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

The Early Treatment of Schizophrenia

Recommended Further Reading

9. The Rehabilitation of Schizophrenia

Money and Food

Housing

Employment

Friendship and Social Skills Training

Medical and Dental Care

Quality of Life Measures

The Need for Asylum

The Recovery Model

Recommended Further Reading

10. Ten Major Problems

Cigarettes and Coffee

Alcohol and Street Drugs

Sex, Pregnancy, and AIDS

Victimization

Confidentiality

Medication Noncompliance

Assisted Treatment

Assaultive and Violent Behavior

Arrest and Jail

Suicide

Recommended Further Reading

11. How Can Patients and Families Survive Schizophrenia?

The Right Attitude

The Importance of Education

Survival Strategies for Patients

Survival Strategies for Families

Effects of Schizophrenia on Siblings, Children, and Spouses

Minimizing Relapses

Recommended Further Reading

12. Commonly Asked Questions

Does Schizophrenia Change the Underlying Personality?

Are People with Schizophrenia Responsible for Their Behavior?

Does Schizophrenia Affect the Person's IQ?

Should People with Schizophrenia Drive Vehicles?

How Do Religious Issues Affect People with Schizophrenia?

Should You Tell People That You Have Schizophrenia?

Genetic Counseling: What Are the Chances of Getting Schizophrenia?

Why Do Some Adopted Children Develop Schizophrenia?

What Will Happen When the Parents Die?

Recommended Further Reading

13. Schizophrenia in the Public Eye

Schizophrenia in the Movies

Schizophrenia in Literature

Schizophrenia, Creativity, and Famous People

The Problem of Stigma

Recommended Further Reading

14. Dimensions of the Disaster

How Many People Have Schizophrenia in the United States?

Do Some Groups Have More Schizophrenia than Others?

Is Schizophrenia Increasing or Decreasing?

Is Schizophrenia of Recent Origin?

Deinstitutionalization: A Cradle for Catastrophe

What Is the Cost of Schizophrenia?

Recommended Further Reading

15. Issues for Advocates

Advocacy Organizations: Good and Bad

NIMH and SAMHSA

Scientologists, Anti-Psychiatrists, and "Consumer Survivors"

Educating the Public

Decreasing Stigma

How to Organize for Advocacy

Recommended Further Reading

Appendix A. An Annotated List of the Best and the Worst Books on Schizophrenia

Appendix B. Useful Websites on Schizophrenia (by D.J. Jaffe)

Notes

Index