Physiology undergirds symbology : thirty-two virtually unique characteristics of a snake
Realia and iconography : the symbolism of the serpent in the ancient Near East (and the religion of Israel)
The perception that the serpent is a positive symbol in Greek and Roman literature
The full spectrum of the meaning of serpent symbolism in the Fertile Crescent
Serpent symbolism in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament)
The symbolism of the serpent in the Gospel of John.